History

Peru’s history is a fascinating journey through time, shaped by powerful civilizations, colonial conquest, and enduring cultural traditions. Long before the Spanish arrived, Peru was home to some of the most advanced and influential cultures in the Americas.

The most famous of these was the Inca Empire, which, at its height in the 15th century, stretched from Colombia to Chile and had its capital in Cusco. The Incas were master builders and engineers, known for their road systems, agricultural terraces, and awe-inspiring sites like Machu Picchu. But the Inca were preceded by other great civilizations such as the Nazca, Moche, and Chavín, each contributing to Peru’s rich archaeological legacy.

In the 16th century, Spanish conquistadors led by Francisco Pizarro conquered the Inca Empire, marking the beginning of Peru’s colonial era. This period brought profound changes—Catholicism, European architecture, and new forms of government—while indigenous cultures adapted and survived beneath the surface.

Peru gained its independence in 1821, and today it proudly preserves its multicultural heritage. From ancient ruins and colonial churches to living indigenous traditions, Peru’s history is alive in its people, its cities, and its breathtaking landscapes.